Why Does Developing a Drug Take so Long?

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It can potentially take decades for medications to reach pharmacy shelves, but why? We take a deep dive into the creation of a cancer treatment to explain the process.

Hosted by: Hank Green

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Sources:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3354961/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1694-1
https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-targeted-therapy-lung-cancer-mutation-previously-considered-resistant-drug
https://www.cell.com/the-innovation/pdf/S2666-6758(20)30035-7.pdf
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26739882/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5216832/
https://www.amgen.com/newsroom/press-releases/2021/01/amgens-investigational-kras-g12c-inhibitor-sotorasib-demonstrated-rapid-deep-and-durable-responses-in-previously-treated-patients-with-advanced-nonsmall-cell-lung-cancer
https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(18)30041-2?_return
https://directorsblog.nih.gov/2018/02/13/kras-targeted-cancer-strategy-shows-early-promise/
https://www.science.org/content/article/two-new-drugs-finally-hit-undruggable-cancer-target-providing-hope-treatments

MOLECULE STRUCTURES

Compound 12 https://pubs.rsc.org/image/article/2020/MD/d0md00096e/d0md00096e-u5_hi-res.gif
ARS-853 https://pubs.rsc.org/image/article/2020/MD/d0md00096e/d0md00096e-u7_hi-res.gif
ARS-1620 https://pubs.rsc.org/image/article/2020/MD/d0md00096e/d0md00096e-u8_hi-res.gif
ARS-510 https://pubs.rsc.org/image/article/2020/MD/d0md00096e/d0md00096e-u10_hi-res.gif
MRTX849 https://pubs.rsc.org/image/article/2020/MD/d0md00096e/d0md00096e-u13_hi-res.gif

Images

https://www.storyblocks.com/video/stock/rack-focus-from-scientist-digital-tablet-pc-to-researcher-desk-working-on-a-computer-with-advanced-scan-bbej_kdjrjx32gd8i
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/testing-drugs-and-vaccine-on-mice-gm1227553397-362087698
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/laboratory-mouse-gm172267826-3711102
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Freezed_XRD.jpg
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/18/6806/htm
https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/utility-knife-line-style-icon-design-gm1156138646-314996692
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/scientist-carefully-carrying-matured-cell-to-another-plate-conducting-research-gm879831370-245197680
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/medical-science-laboratory-with-diverse-multi-ethnic-team-of-biotechnology-gm1293772957-388051705
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:KRAS_protein_3GFT.png
https://www.storyblocks.com/video/stock/abstrat-industrial-clock-gears-2-sw-amfntbk3z8wb2m
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/skin-gm56961296-29923876
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oncogenes_illustration.jpg
https://www.storyblocks.com/video/stock/macro-shot-of-lab-tech-placing-a-blood-sample-on-a-bightly-lit-microscope-slide-syvn75mkpkcdpmjki
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/microscope-with-lab-glassware-gm909908830-250604421
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FDA_Sign_%26_Bldg_21_at_Entrance_(5204602349).jpg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/asian-senior-elderly-male-patient-consult-with-physician-nurse-at-nursing-home-care-gm1317922601-405208908
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/efficient-pharmacy-operations-thanks-to-teamwork-gm1036131880-277355254
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/this-is-how-i-get-through-the-day-gm1135088881-301842519
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/theres-always-something-waiting-to-be-discovered-gm1027139762-275404932
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/theres-always-something-waiting-to-be-discovered-gm1027139762-275404932